Yellow Lampmussel (YLM), Lampsilis cariosa, is a vulnerable freshwater mussel species that is declining throughout its range (Georgia, United States to Nova Scotia, Canada). Informal population comparisons across regional boundaries have revealed that YLM occur in a variety of habitats throughout their range (e.g., low and moderate flows, sand and gravel bed textures, and lentic and lotic environments), making general description of their habitat use difficult. In Connecticut (CT) and Massachusetts (MA), USA, YLM has been found in multiple sites in the mainstem of the Connecticut River; however, there is limited data and information characterizing habitat where they reside. The goals of this project are to describe the habitat where YLM are found and to identify potentially suitable habitat for YLM within the Connecticut River. We used side-scan sonar and spatial analysis tools to characterize and map habitat types (bed texture, depth, channel position, and large wood) within a 160 km stretch of the Connecticut River where YLM has been documented (Haddam, CT to Northfield, MA). To identify the habitat characteristics associated with YLM presence, we used a logistic regression and model selection methods in R, and used the final model to predict areas with high probabilities of YLM presence in the Connecticut River. Sand, distance from the bank, and depth were retained in the final model, with higher probability of occurrence in shallower areas and closer to the banks. These results may be used to guide future surveys to identify new areas with YLM and identify suitable areas for YLM population augmentation or habitat restoration, critical tools for freshwater mussel restoration and conservation.