Benthic invertebrates were surveyed in riffle and pool habitats of streams and in off-channel wetlands across the valley floor two years prior to and two years following introduction of large woody debris (LWD) to Little Arnot Run in Allegheny National Forest, Pennsylvania. LWD was added to one reach of Little Arnot Run by installing trees and root wads into the stream bank and to a second reach by felling trees along the stream so that they intercept the stream channel. Benthic invertebrates were sampled from both LWD addition sites and three control sites from 2020 to 2023 to determine biological community structure of stream and wetland habitats. Benthic invertebrate community structure varied considerably among sites, across years, and between habitats, which obscured any biological changes potentially occurring in response to the addition of large woody debris. Density of invertebrates in streams declined immediately following wood installation in Little Arnot Run, likely due to physical disturbance of the channel. Invertebrate communities in stream habitats recovered to pre-restoration density, diversity, and community structure within two years after installing LWD. At the reach scale, the extent of pool habitat expanded while the amount of riffle habitat declined. As a result, invertebrate taxa found in pools increased in abundance while riffle taxa decreased in abundance in response to LWD addition at the reach scale. Each specific habitat type contributed unique taxa to the overall biological community. Streams contained 119 taxa, 40 unique to riffles and 11 unique to pools. Off-channel wetlands contained 88 taxa, 41 of which were not found in streams. Any physical or hydrologic changes to riffle, pool, and wetland habitats as a result of LWD additions should lead to corresponding changes in invertebrate communities found at these locations and valley-wide changes in biodiversity.