Understanding fish movement and habitat requirements is important to managing populations because they reflect changing resource needs throughout the life cycle. This is especially true for narrowly distributed endemic species, like Shoal Bass Micropterus cataractae where ecological knowledge is often lacking. Moreover, efforts to understand more broadly distributed species, such as Largemouth Bass M. nigricans, have been mostly focused on reservoir or lake populations. We used generalized additive mixed modelling and resource selection functions to determine biotic and environmental factors related to seasonal movement patterns and habitat selection of Shoal Bass and Largemouth Bass in the lower Flint River, Georgia. Adult black basses were tagged and tracked for 15 months using radio telemetry. We found that adult riverine Shoal Bass and Largemouth Bass had overlapping but distinct habitat associations and movement patterns, with both species using most of the river corridor available to them. Black bass movements were, on average, greater during the spring spawning season. Additionally, there were numerous locations of spawning aggregations during the spring with the largest aggregation occurring below a hydropower dam. Resource selection modelling revealed shared and species-specific relationships between black bass and reach-scale habitat variables such as proximity to upstream dam, distance to nearest groundwater spring, water depth, and percent rocky substrate. Timing of movements and habitat selection were similar across years indicating the importance of seasonal environmental cues and specific spawning areas for these populations. Knowledge of riverine black bass resource needs over multiple seasons can provide useful information for agencies concerned about connectivity requirements, angler exploitation levels, effects of dam operations, and managing for spawning habitat for endemic populations.