Poster Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2025 Annual Meeting

Linking Ecosystem Metabolism and Chlorophyll-a of Geographically Isolated Wetlands across Seasonal and Hydrological Shifts (117628)

Emily R Mulcahy 1 , Carla López Lloreda 2 , Katherine Wardinski 2 , Nicholas Corline 2 , Erin R Hotchkiss 2
  1. University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, United States
  2. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), VA, United States

Despite the numerous ecological functions and services geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs) provide, we know little about their resource production (i.e., photosynthesis). To characterize metabolic rates of GIWs throughout seasonal and hydrological changes, we investigated three forested wetlands with varying hydroperiods in the Delmarva Bays of the U.S. Mid-Atlantic. Sites were named per their frequency of water inundation: shortest hydroperiod (SH), medium (MH), and longest (LH). Quarterly from June 2023 to June 2024, we collected surface water samples to measure water chemistry and chlorophyll-a to serve as a proxy for phytoplankton abundance. Diel dissolved oxygen fluxes from high-frequency sensors were used to estimate whole-ecosystem metabolism through an inverse Bayesian model. In addition, light/dark bottle assays were incubated for 3.5 hours to measure water column metabolism. SH chlorophyll-a concentrations stayed low (<3 μg/L) throughout the year; however, MH (0.6 – 47.45 μg/L) and LH (0.25 – 64.15 μg/L) chlorophyll-a concentrations varied significantly, experiencing elevated concentrations following water level drawdown events in the summer and fall. Preliminary net ecosystem production (NEP) estimates for LH were -2.2 mgO2L-1h-1 (-1.3 – -4.0), with NEP becoming less negative in the summer. In comparison, the light/dark bottle incubations estimated an average NEP of -0.04 mgO2L-1h-1 (0.02 – -0.09) but followed similar seasonal patterns as the whole-ecosystem NEP. While the whole-ecosystem metabolism of GIWs remains heterotrophic throughout the year, more autotrophic conditions in the water column are possible during the warmer, dry seasons. In other words, the water columns of GIWs maintain a relative balance between the sequestration and release of carbon throughout the year. Ongoing research focuses on the metabolic processes of other Delmarva Bays, and we encourage future studies to explore the biogeochemistry of GIWs in different geographical regions. Understanding how environmental variations affect primary production and the carbon cycle of GIWs is essential for determining their health and strengthening management practices of these valuable ecosystems.