Solar energy is a fast-growing source of renewable energy, and large utility-scale installations, i.e., solar farms, are quickly springing up. Solar farms, however, if not managed effectively, can negatively impact land and water management because they cover significant acreage and alter the land surface. Therefore, there is a need to ensure environmental sustainability practices to preserve natural ecology in renewable energy installation, expansion, and operation. The study assesses the impact of three solar farm developments of varying size on the water quality and hydrological process in several watersheds across Blackland Prairie and Cross Timbers Ecoregions in Texas. Our research objectives were to understand how land management and land cover is impacted and how these changes are influencing runoff and turbidity in streams. A solar panel land cover classification was developed to understand the nature and land alteration of solar farm development, including natural or agricultural vegetation impacts. Event-based turbidity data, water level, and rainfall data were collected to determine the relationship between precipitation characteristics, hydrology, and water quality. Findings from the study provide valuable information for sustainable land management, especially for natural land resource and vegetation management, as well as sustaining water quality in regions impacted by rapid solar farm development.