Rising air temperatures are dramatically altering mountain ecosystems globally which are predicted to drastically change the cryosphere, the portion of the landscape where water exists in frozen form. Glaciers and perennial snowfields are receding, and seasonal snowpack is declining; however, far less is known about the trajectory of rock glaciers. Rock glaciers are large masses of debris-covered ice that flow downhill similarly to surface glaciers. Rock glaciers are predicted to persist longer than surface ice; ice exposed directly to solar radiation and warming air temperatures are predicted to melt faster than debris cover ice. In 2015, we created the Teton Alpine Stream Research project to understand the degree to which climate will alter the cryosphere and change alpine stream biodiversity. Each August, we collect the same suite of abiotic (e.g., temperature) and biotic (e.g., macroinvertebrate community structure) data for 12 streams in the alpine zone of the Teton Range, Wyoming, USA. Our study streams represent the three major hydrologic sources in the Teton Range: glaciers, rock glaciers and snowfields. Ten years of monitoring showed that summer stream temperatures increased in snowmelt-fed streams, but have not increased in surface and rock glacier-fed streams. Biodiversity of aquatic invertebrates declined across stream types. Our results highlight the power of simple long-term monitoring for quantifying changing climate on mountain ecosystems and the potential for rock glaciers to act as key climate refugia for biodiversity into the future.