Poster Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2025 Annual Meeting

Investigating landscape-level drivers of road salt pollution on lakes within the Lake Champlain Basin (117715)

Mikala L'Hote 1 , Brendan Wiltse 2
  1. Adirondack Watershed Institute, Paul Smiths, New York, United States
  2. Lake George Association, Lake George, New York, United States

Historically, road salt has been relied on as a primary winter road management tool, providing safe and accessible winter roadways to the public for decades. Although an effective deicer, road salt has increasingly been recognized as an emerging pollutant throughout regions of the Midwest and Northeast United States due to its observed environmental impacts. As a non-point source pollutant, exploring the connectivity between road salt application and freshwater salinization from a research perspective requires an understanding of water's interconnectedness as it traverses both natural and anthropogenic landscapes. Centered in the Lake Champlain Basin region of the northeast U.S., a 2,070 ha watershed transected by portions of New York, Vermont, and Quebec, this research investigates impacts of road salt by drawing connections between in-lake water quality measurements and watershed scale geospatial predictor variables. Can dominant land use, road type, road density, state/county jurisdiction, elevation, or climate normals predict if a waterbody is at higher risk of salinization due to road salt pollution? This work serves as an extension of Kelting et al. (2012)’s previous research in the Adirondack Park portion of New York, where roads, more specifically those managed by the state, were found to be the greatest contributor of elevated road salt concentrations in Adirondack lakes. However, rather than source data from one defined jurisdiction, the present study compiles and analyzes historic water quality datasets from numerous environmental agencies across the Lake Champlain Basin. Addressing road salt impacts across state boundaries can provide further insight to differences in road salt application practices and support future research initiatives. In the face of altered winter precipitation patterns due to a changing climate, this effort may also assist in the implementation of future best management practices to reduce road salt application in both New York and Vermont.