Anthropogenic perturbations in ecosystems have caused significant disturbances in freshwater environments. For this reason, it’s essential to establish a secure operating limit to determine acceptable levels of human activity to reduce the risks of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution. To prevent further problems in aquatic ecosystems, it is imperative to understand the dynamics between the physicochemical factors, biological structures, and human activities to comprehend their impact on aquatic ecosystems. Understanding these interactions is crucial for determining a safe operating limit. One example of a threat to freshwater sustainability is titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), commonly found in sunscreens and industrial paints. These nanoparticles accumulate in aquatic ecosystems due to their insolubility in water, increasing the possibility of ingestion by filter-feeding organisms. Atya lanipes feed primarily by filtering suspended particulates in streams and rivers. When bathers introduce TiO2 NPs into these waters via sunscreen, the nanoparticles settle at the bottom, where shrimps can ingest them. Recent studies have shown that TiO2 NPs induce oxidative stress in A. lanipes within 24 hours of exposure and cause morphological damage to their larvae. This research aims to 1) evaluate the effects of TiO2 NPs concentrations on mortality, water quality, and behavior and 2) support the rebuilding and preservation of freshwater ecosystems. Our hypothesis focuses on determining how the survival of aquatic species is impacted as TiO2 NPs concentrations increase. To address this, we developed a protocol to determine the lethal dose (LD50) by exposing adult A. lanipes to TiO2 NPs for five days, recording daily mortality rates. Additionally, we monitored shrimp behavior at each concentration to identify potential disruptions in their everyday activities. We tracked changes in water chemistry throughout the exposure period. The results indicated increased mortality rates and significant alterations in water quality as TiO2 NPs concentrations increased.