Poster Presentation Society for Freshwater Science 2025 Annual Meeting

Seasonal agriculture wetlands may support lower nutrient retention than adjacent marsh. (117842)

Ainsley Reser 1 , Julia Shablin 1 , Bridget Wheelock 1 , Roderick Lammers 1 , Amanda Suchy 1
  1. Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States

Wetlands are important ecosystems that provide a great deal of ecosystem services, such as nutrient reduction and flood control, and are important stop-overs for migrating waterfowl. Because of this, seasonal flooding of agricultural fields is one management strategy that can provide more habitat for migratory waterfowl during migration season. This allows for the fields to be used to grow crops for part of the year, then transformed into temporary wetlands to benefit bird species during the other part of the year. Considering this information, the question arises- does this use of wetlands affect other wetland qualities and ecosystem services, such as soil chemistry and nutrient retention? To address this question, we examined soil chemistry (heavy metals), soil nitrogen and phosphorus content, nitrogen reduction through denitrification, and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the Shiawassee River State Game Area in Michigan. Shiawassee River State Game Area is a managed wetland with units separated by dykes. Some units are left as wetlands for the full year, while others grow corn or soy during the spring and summer months, then are flooded in fall and winter to support waterfowl migration and associated hunting. We collected soils and measured GHG fluxes from nine total units with three management types; marsh (not farmed and minimal intervention), moist soil (strips of crops and grasses, rotated annually), and agriculture (fully planted). We found that denitrification in marshes was nitrogen limited, while denitrification in agriculture fields was carbon limited. In addition, we found significant differences in heavy metal concentrations. For example, copper, which inhibits denitrification, was higher in agriculture fields, and iron, which promotes denitrification, was higher in marshes. This indicates different capacities in nutrient retention among fields with and without agriculture suggesting there could be a tradeoff between managing land for hunting and waterfowl migration and the ability for the land to retain nutrients.