Natural stream flow can be modified by a variety of human activities such as timber harvest and construction of culverts at stream-road crossings. Culvert stream-road crossings can act as barriers to fish movement, blocking upstream and downstream connectivity, increasing current velocity and sedimentation, and disturbing macroinvertebrate communities. For the past 20 years, a U.S. Forest Service program enhancing aquatic organism passage (AOP) in streams and rivers involves replacing old culverts with ones better designed to promote and restore stream connectivity and simulate more natural stream conditions. On the Copper River Delta (CRD) of southcentral Alaska, funding has been provided to remove or replace culverts that have been identified as barriers to fish passage. The present study was part of our larger project examining immediate and long-term impacts of culvert replacement on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities. Study streams were located on the CRD along the Copper River Highway or adjacent roads near Cordova, Alaska. Our present study assessed the immediate impacts of culvert replacement on aquatic macroinvertebrates. We compared benthic macroinvertebrate community structure before (spring 2024) and after (summer 2024) construction of two new culvert replacements. Sampling occurred upstream and downstream of the replacement sites and at 4 control sites (no culvert manipulation). Benthic macroinvertebrates from 12 orders, 24 families, and 32 genera were collected. Genera occurring in sufficient numbers for statistical analyses include Dicranota (Diptera: Pediciidae), Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae), Zapada (Plecoptera: Nemouridae), and Baetis (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae).