Globally, freshwater ecosystems and their diverse biotic communities are increasingly at risk. Rare invertebrate taxa show increased vulnerability, which is a concern since they significantly contribute to regional biodiversity and promote ecosystem function. Many of these aquatic invertebrates are habitat specialists that rely on the unique conditions of freshwater environments, such as springs, to persist. Springs are distinct because they serve as a juncture for groundwater, surface water, and terrestrial ecosystems, creating complex microhabitats that support highly diverse and endemic biotic communities. However, they are highly fragmented, naturally and anthropogenically, putting them at greater risk of localized extinction events, with reduced chances for recolonization. Shenandoah National Park contains hundreds of natural springs across a gradient of environmental conditions and human influence, with largely unknown consequences to invertebrate communities. To address this, we sampled 63 springs to evaluate the presence and distribution of rare invertebrate taxa. We identified relationships between their distribution and environmental factors including water quality, microhabitat, spring type (modified vs. unmodified, with modifications being spring boxing/piping), and human visitation frequency. We identified 205 invertebrate taxa, with 17 considered rare according to NatureServe, and found rare taxa in 32 sites. We were able to include 59 sites in the data analysis, and though we found no significant difference in the total or rare taxa abundance between spring types, rare taxa abundance increased in springs further from areas of frequent human disturbance, suggesting disturbance from visitor use may affect rare taxa abundance more than disturbance from past spring modifications. Lack of differentiation between invertebrate communities in the springs indicates that using park resources to remove decommissioned spring infrastructure may be unnecessary. Instead, working to keep remote springs inaccessible to the public and implementing efforts to minimize visitor impacts at accessible springs could prove more beneficial to supporting at-risk invertebrate populations in the future.